IGCSE Biology – Human Reproduction Practice Test 2025 - Free IGCSE Biology Practice Questions and Study Guide

The main function of the placenta during pregnancy is to provide nutrients and oxygen to the developing fetus while also removing waste products. The placenta acts as a critical interface between the mother and the fetus, facilitating the exchange of substances through a specialized membrane that allows for the transfer of oxygen and essential nutrients from the mother's blood to the fetus. Simultaneously, it helps in the removal of carbon dioxide and other waste materials produced by the fetus, ensuring a healthy environment for growth and development.

This function is vital for the survival and well-being of the fetus, as proper nourishment is necessary for its physical development and organ formation. Additionally, the placenta supports the fetus by maintaining a stable temperature and providing some degree of protection from the mother's immune system. However, it does not completely shield against infections, serving more as a selective barrier rather than an absolute protective mechanism. While the placenta does produce some hormones to support pregnancy, its primary role is centered around nutrient and waste exchange, making this choice the most accurate representation of its main function during pregnancy.